Inqubo yokuguqula i-CNC
I-CNC Turning iyinqubo yokwenza lapho ithuluzi lokusika, ngokuvamile ithuluzi elingashintshi, lichaza umzila wamathuluzi we-helix ngokunyakaza ngaphezulu noma kancane ngomugqa ngenkathi ucezu lokusebenza luzungeza.
Ngokuvamile igama elithi "ukujika" ligcinelwe ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zangaphandle ngalesi senzo sokusika, kanti lesi senzo esibalulekile sokusika lapho sisetshenziswa endaweni yangaphakathi (izimbobo, zohlobo oluthile noma olunye) sibizwa ngokuthi "isicefe".Ngakho inkulumo ethi "ukuphenduka nokuyisicefe" ihlukanisa umndeni omkhulu wezinqubo ezaziwa ngokuthi i-lathing.Ukusikwa kobuso ocwecweni lokusebenza, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngethuluzi elijikayo noma eliyisicefe, kubizwa ngokuthi "ubuso", futhi kungase kuhlanganiswe kunoma yisiphi isigaba njengesethi engaphansi.
Ukuphenduka kungenziwa mathupha, ngendlela evamile ye-lathe, evame ukudinga ukugadwa okuqhubekayo yisisebenzisi, noma ngokusebenzisa i-lathe ezenzakalelayo engakwenzi lokho.Namuhla uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuzenzakalelayo okunjalo ukulawula izinombolo zekhompyutha, okwaziwa kangcono ngokuthi i-CNC.(I-CNC ijwayele ukusetshenziswa nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zomshini ngaphandle kokujika.)
Lapho uphenduka, ucezu lomsebenzi (ucezu lwento eqinile eqinile njengokhuni, insimbi, ipulasitiki, noma itshe) luyazungeziswa futhi ithuluzi lokusika linqanyulwa ngezimbazo ezinyakazayo ezingu-1, 2, noma ezi-3 ukuze kukhiqizwe amadayamitha nokujula okunembile.Ukuphenduka kungaba ngaphandle kwesilinda noma ngaphakathi (okubuye kwaziwe ngokuthi kuyisicefe) ukukhiqiza izingxenye zamashubhu kumajiyometri ahlukahlukene.Nakuba manje eyivelakancane, ama-lathes okuqala ayengase asetshenziswe ngisho nokukhiqiza izibalo zejiyomethri eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngisho nezinto eziqinile ze-platonic;nakuba selokhu kwavela i-CNC sekuyinto engavamile ukusebenzisa indlela yamathuluzi engasebenzisi ikhompuyutha ngale njongo.
Izinqubo zokujikisa ngokuvamile zenziwa nge-lathe, ethathwa njengengakudala kakhulu kumathuluzi omshini, futhi ingaba ngezinhlobo ezihlukene njengokujika okuqondile, ukuphenduka kwe-taper, ukwenza iphrofayela noma i-grooving yangaphandle.Lezo zinhlobo zezinqubo zokuphenduka zingakhiqiza ubujamo obuhlukahlukene bezinto ezinjengama-workpieces aqondile, ayi-conical, agobile, noma ama-grooved.Ngokuvamile, ukujika kusebenzisa amathuluzi okusika amaphuzu alula.Iqembu ngalinye lezinto zokusebenza linesethi ephelele yama-engeli amathuluzi athuthukisiwe phakathi neminyaka.
Izingcezwana zensimbi ezilahlwayo ezivela ekuguquleni zaziwa ngokuthi ama-chips (eNyakatho Melika), noma i-swarf (eBrithani).Kwezinye izindawo zingase zaziwa ngokuthi ziphenduka.
Izimbazo zokunyakaza zethuluzi zingase zibe umugqa oqondile ngokoqobo, noma zingase zihambisane nesethi yamajika noma ama-engeli, kodwa empeleni ziwumugqa (ngomqondo ongewona wezibalo).
Ingxenye engaphansi kokushintshwa kwemisebenzi ingabizwa ngokuthi "Ingxenye Eguquliwe" noma "Ingxenye Esemshinini".Imisebenzi yokuguqula yenziwa emshinini we-lathe ongasetshenziswa ngesandla noma nge-CNC.
Ukuphenduka
Inqubo evamile yokuguqula ihilela ukuzungezisa ingxenye ngenkathi ithuluzi lokusika iphuzu elilodwa lihanjiswa ngokuhambisana ne-axis of rotation.Ukuguqula kungenziwa endaweni yangaphandle yengxenye kanye nendawo yangaphakathi (inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-boring).Izinto zokuqala ngokuvamile ziwucezu lokusebenza olukhiqizwa ezinye izinqubo ezifana nokulingisa, ukufoja, ukukhipha, noma ukudweba.
Ukuphenduka kwe-tapered
Ukuphenduka kwe-tapered kukhiqiza umumo oyi-cylindrical oncipha kancane kancane ububanzi ukusuka komunye umkhawulo kuya komunye.Lokhu kungafezwa a) kusukela ku-slide esiyinhlanganisela b) ekunamathiselwe kwi-taper turning c) kusetshenziswa okunamathiselwe kwekhophi ye-hydraulic d) usebenzisa i-CNC lathe e) usebenzisa ithuluzi lefomu f) ngokususa i-tailstock - le ndlela ifaneleka kakhulu ukungashoni ama-tapers.
Isizukulwane esiyindilinga
Isizukulwane esiyindilinga sikhiqiza indawo eqediwe eyindilinga ngokuphendula ifomu elizungeze i-eksisi engaguquki yenguquko.Izindlela zifaka phakathi a) ukusebenzisa okunamathiselwe kwekhophi ye-hydraulic b) i-CNC (elawulwa ngezinombolo ngekhompyutha) i-lathe c) ukusebenzisa ithuluzi lefomu (indlela enzima nelungile) d) ukusebenzisa ijigi yombhede (udinga umdwebo ukuze uchaze).
Ukujika kanzima
Ukujikisa kanzima uhlobo lokujikisa okwenziwa ezintweni ezinobulukhuni be-Rockwell C obukhulu kuno-45. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngemva kokuba ucezu lokusebenza selashwe ngokushisa.
Inqubo ihloselwe ukufaka esikhundleni noma ukukhawulela imisebenzi yokugaya evamile.Ukuphenduka okunzima, uma kusetshenziselwa izinjongo zokususa isitoko kuphela, kuqhudelana kahle nokugaya okumahhadlahhadla.Kodwa-ke, uma isetshenziselwa ukuqedela lapho ifomu nobukhulu bubucayi, ukugaya kuphakeme.Ukugaya kukhiqiza ukunemba okuphezulu kwe-dimensional of roundness and cylindricity.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqedwa kwendawo epholishiwe kwe-Rz=0.3-0.8z akukwazi ukufezwa ngokujika kanzima kukodwa.Ukuphenduka okuqinile kufaneleka ezingxenyeni ezidinga ukunemba kwendingilizi okungu-0.5-12 micrometres, kanye/noma ubulukhuni obuphezulu obungu-Rz 0.8–7.0 micrometres.Isetshenziselwa amagiya, izingxenye zephampu yomjovo, kanye nezingxenye ze-hydraulic, phakathi kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
Ebhekene
Ukubhekana komongo wokuguqula umsebenzi kuhilela ukuhambisa ithuluzi lokusika kuma-engeli angakwesokudla ku-axis yokujikeleza komsebenzi ojikelezayo.Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenza kwe-cross-slide, uma eyodwa ifakwe, njengehlukile kokuphakelayo kwe-longitudinal (ukujika).Imvamisa kuwumsebenzi wokuqala owenziwa lapho kukhiqizwa ucezu lokusebenza, futhi ngokuvamile kube okokugcina—yingakho inkulumo ethi "phela".
Ukuhlukana
Le nqubo, ebizwa nangokuthi ukuhlukanisa noma ukusika, isetshenziselwa ukudala ama-grooves ajulile azosusa ingxenye eqediwe noma ingxenye egcwele esitokweni sayo esingumzali.
I-Grooving
I-grooving ifana nokuhlukana, ngaphandle kokuthi imisele isikwa ifinyelele ekujuleni okuthile esikhundleni sokuhlukanisa ingxenye eqediwe/eyingxenye egcwele esitokweni.I-Grooving ingenziwa ezindaweni zangaphakathi nangaphandle, kanye naphezu kobuso bengxenye (i-face grooving noma i-trepanning).
Imisebenzi engacacisiwe ihlanganisa:
Okuyisicefe
Ukukhulisa noma ukwenza bushelelezi imbobo ekhona edalwe ngokubhoboza, ukubumba njll.okungukuthi ukwenziwa kwamafomu ayisilinda sangaphakathi (okhiqizayo) a) ngokukhweza ucezu lomsebenzi ku-spindle nge-chuck noma i-faceplate b) ngokugxumeka ucezu lokusebenza esilayidini esiphambanayo nokubeka ithuluzi lokusika phakathi. umkhovu.Lo msebenzi ulungele ukulingisa okunzima kakhulu ukuthi kungafakwa ku-face plate.Kumalebula ombhede omude ucezu lokusebenza olukhulu lungaboshelwa endaweni ethile embhedeni futhi kudlule umgodi phakathi kwezigxobo ezimbili endaweni yokusebenza futhi lezi zigaxa zingaboleka ngosayizi.Uhlelo lokusebenza olulinganiselwe kodwa olutholakala ku-turner/machinist onekhono.
Ukubhoboza
Isetshenziselwa ukususa impahla ngaphakathi kwe-workpiece.Le nqubo isebenzisa ama-drill bits ajwayelekile abanjwe amile esitokisini somsila noma i-turret yamathuluzi ye-lathe.Inqubo ingenziwa ngemishini yokumba etholakala ngokuhlukana.
Knurling
Ukusikwa kwephethini eyisiyingi endaweni engaphezulu yengxenye ezosetshenziswa njengendlela yokubamba ngesandla noma njengesithuthukisi esibonakalayo kusetshenziswa ithuluzi lokugoqa lenjongo ekhethekile.
Ukuvuselela kabusha
Umsebenzi wokulinganisa osusa inani elincane lensimbi emgodini osuvele wabhobozwa.Yenzelwe ukwenza izimbobo zangaphakathi zama-diameter anembe kakhulu.Isibonelo, imbobo engu-6mm yenziwa ngokubhoboza nge-drill bit engu-5.98 mm bese ibuyiselwa kubukhulu obunembile.
Uchungechunge
Kokubili imicu yesikulufu esijwayelekile nengajwayelekile ingavulwa i-lathe kusetshenziswa ithuluzi lokusika elifanele.(Ngokuvamile ukuba ne-engeli yekhala engu-60, noma engu-55°) Kuphakathi, noma ngaphakathi kwe-bore(Ukusebenza kokuthepha kuyinqubo yokwenza imicu engaphakathi noma yangaphandle kucezu lomsebenzi. Ngokujwayelekile kubhekiselwa kukho njengokuhlanganisa iphuzu elilodwa.
Ukuthepha amantongomane anentambo nezimbobo a) kusetshenziswa ompompi bezandla nesikhungo se-tailstock b)usebenzisa idivayisi yokuthepha ene-clutch eshelelayo ukuze kwehliswe ingcuphe yokuphuka kukampompi.
Imisebenzi yokulutha ihlanganisa a)zonke izinhlobo zemicu yangaphandle nengaphakathi esebenzisa ithuluzi lephuzu elilodwa futhi izintambo zokucofa, imicu yokuqala ephindwe kabili, imicu yokuqala eminingi, izikelemu njengoba zisetshenziswa emabhokisini okunciphisa amasondo ezikelemu, i-leadcrew enentambo eyodwa noma eminingi.b) ngokusetshenziswa kwamabhokisi okucupha afakwe amathuluzi amafomu angu-4, imicu efinyelela ku-2" ububanzi kodwa kungenzeka ukuthola amabhokisi amakhulu kunaleli.
Ukuphenduka kwe-Polygonal
Lapho amafomu angewona ayisiyingi enziwa ngomshini ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukujikeleza kwempahla eluhlaza.
I-Aluminium automatic
izingxenye eziphendukayo
Izingxenye ze-aluminium eziphendukayo
nge-anodized ecacile
I-Aluminium
izingxenye eziphendukayo
I-Aluminium
lathing izingxenye
Izingxenye zeshaft zethusi
nge gearing
Ithusi
izingxenye ezifanele
Ukuphenduka kwethusi
izingxenye zenduku
Brass mashini
kanye nezingxenye zokugaya
