Zitholele Ukuhlukahluka Kwezingxenye Ze-Aluminium Esithombeni Esifakiwe Sesimanje Sokukhiqiza

Zitholele Ukuhlukahluka Kwezingxenye Ze-Aluminium Kwezokukhiqiza Zanamuhla

Incazelo emfushane:

I-Aluminium iyinto ehlukahlukene kakhulu esetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni kwanamuhla ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene.Imvelo yayo engasindi iyenza ikhethe kahle ukukhiqiza izingxenye nezingxenye ezisetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezimboni, ezihlanganisa ezezimoto, i-aerospace, ezokwakha kanye ne-electronics.Ukwengeza, i-aluminium inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, i-high conductivity kagesi ne-thermal, kanye nesilinganiso esiyingqayizivele samandla-to-weight.Lezi zakhiwo zikwenza kube inketho ekhangayo yokudala izingxenye ezihlala isikhathi eside nezisebenza kahle ezinqubweni ezihlukahlukene zokukhiqiza, njengokuphonsa, ukukhanda, nokwenza.Ngenxa yalokhu, izingxenye ze-aluminium zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe kanye nokuqanjwa kabusha emikhakheni eminingi.

Thumela i-imeyili kithi

Imininingwane Yomkhiqizo

Omaka bomkhiqizo

Ukwethulwa kwezingxenye ze-Aluminium alloy

Ingxubevange ye-Aluminium iyingxubevange lapho i-aluminium (AL) iyinsimbi evelele.
Izakhi ezijwayelekile ze-alloy ziyithusi, i-magnesium, i-manganess, i-silicon nanoma iyiphi i-zinc.
Kunezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko, okuyizingxubevange ezisansimbi nama-alloys akhiwe, zombili eziphinde zihlukaniswe zibe izigaba zokulapheka ngokushisa nokungashisi.

Ukusetshenziswa kobunjiniyela bezingxenye ze-Aluminium alloy

Ingxubevange ye-aluminium ivame kakhulu ekuphileni kwethu, iminyango namafasitela ethu, umbhede, izitsha zokupheka,i-tableware, amabhayisikili, izimoto njll Equkethe ingxube ye-aluminium.
Ingxubevange ye-aluminium evamile ekusetshenzisweni kwempilo.
Ama-alloys e-aluminium anezinhlobonhlobo zezakhiwo azisa ubunjiniyela ngezakhiwo.
Ukukhetha ingxubevange efanele yohlelo olunikeziwe kuhlanganisa ukucatshangelwa kwamandla ayo aqinile, ukuminyana, i-ductility, ukwakheka, ukusebenza, ukushisela kanye nokugqwala okumele kubanjwe.
Ingxubevange ye-aluminium isetshenziswa kakhulu ezindizeni ngenxa yamandla aphezulu kuya kwesisindo.

Ama-alloys e-aluminium ngokumelene nensimbi

Ama-alloys e-aluminium ngokuvamile ane-elastic modulus engaba ngu-70GPa, cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu ye-elastic modulus yezinhlobo eziningi zensimbi nensimbi.
Ngakho-ke, ngomthwalo onikeziwe, ingxenye noma iyunithi eyenziwe nge-aluminium alloy izobiza ukuguqulwa okunwebeka okukhulu kunengxenye yensimbi yobukhulu obufanayo bomumo.
Ikhwalithi yokukhanya, amandla aphezulu, ukugqwala, ukumelana, ukwakheka okulula, ukushisela.
Ama-alloys akhiwe kakhulu nge-aluminium abebaluleke kakhulu ekwenziweni kwe-aerospace kusukela kwethulwa indiza ekhishwe ngesikhumba sensimbi.Amaalloyi e-Aluminium magnesium womabili alula kunamanye ama-alloy e-aluminium futhi awashi kakhulu kunealloy equkethe iphesenti eliphezulu kakhulu le-magnesium.

Ukucatshangelwa kokuzwela ukushisa mayelana nezingxenye ze-Aluminium alloy

Ngokuvamile, ukuzwela kwensimbi ekushiseni nakho kuyacatshangelwa, ngisho nenqubo ye-workshop evamile ehlanganisa ukufudumeza inkimbinkimbi yiqiniso lokuthi i-aluminium, ngokungafani nensimbi, izoncibilika ngaphandle kokuthi kuqala kube bomvu.

Ukugcinwa kwezingxenye ze-Aluminium alloy

Izingxenye ze-aluminium alloy zizogcina ukukhanya kwazo ngokusobala endaweni eyomile ngenxa yokwakheka kongqimba olucacile, oluvikelayo lwe-aluminium oxide.Endaweni emanzi, ukugqwala kwe-galvanic kungenzeka lapho ingxubevange ye-aluminium ibekwe ekuxhumaneni kukagesi nezinye izinsimbi ezinamandla okugqwala okungekuhle kune-aluminium.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ze-aluminium alloy

Izakhi eziyinhloko ze-alloying ziyithusi, i-silicon, i-magnesium, i-zinc, i-manganese, izakhi ze-alloying yesibili ziyi-nickle, insimbi, i-titanium, i-chromium, i-lithium, njll.
I-aluminium alloy isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yezinto zokwakha zensimbi ezingenayo ayoni kwezokundiza, i-aerospace, izimoto, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, ukuthumela futhi isetshenziswe kakhulu embonini yamakhemikhali.
I-aluminium alloy density iphansi, kodwa ukuqina kuphezulu.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-aluminium alloy

Ama-alloys asetshenziswa ekubunjweni kokufa manje senziwe nge-aluminium alloy.Inezici ezibonakalayo zokukhanya nokuhle ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nezakhiwo zemishini, kanye nokushisa okuhle kokushisa.Ingxubevange ye-Aluminium ingahlukaniswa ibe izinto zokucubungula kanye nokuphonsa, futhi ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ingxube ye-aluminium efakwe ngokushisa kanye nezinto ze-aluminium ezingaphathwa ngokushisa ezintweni zokucubungula.Ingxubevange ye-aluminium ye-Die casting iyinto yokuphonsa, futhi ingxubevange ye-aluminium esetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile ayifanele ukwelashwa kokushisa ngoba icutshungulwa ibe yimikhiqizo ngenqubo yokufaka ukufa.

Uchungechunge lwe-aluminium silicon
Ingxubevange ye-aluminium evamile, efana ne-ADC1, isebenza ezindongeni ezinkulu, ezincane kanye nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi.Okuqukethwe kwezakhi ze-silicon eduze nephoyinti le-eutectic futhi kwenza ukubunjwa kwe-liquidity okuncibilikisiwe kuhle, kukwazi ukusakaza okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal okuphezulu, ukunwetshwa okushisayo kanye nengxenye engaphansi kuka-2.65g/cm3, njll.Kodwa-ke, akukuhle ukuba brittle futhi brittle, futhi i-anodic oxidation ayilungile.Uma izimo zokubunjwa zingafanelekile, uketshezi oluncibilikisiwe luhamba kancane.

I-aluminium ye-silicon yethusi
I-ADC12 ingxubevange ikwi-Al-Si ingxubevange yengeza ingxubevange yethusi, isetshenziswa kabanzi kakhulu ukumelwa kwengxubevange ye-aluminium ye-die casting, ukuqina kwayo okuhle kakhulu kanye nezakhiwo zemishini, kodwa ukumelana nokugqwala okubi.

Uchungechunge lwe-Aluminium-Silicon-Magnesium
I-ADC3 aluminium ingxubevange iku-Al-Si ingxubevange yengeza i-alloy element efana ne-Mg,Fe, enezici ezinhle kakhulu zokuwakha, ukumelana nokugqwala kukwazi ukugayeka kahle, kodwa uma okuqukethwe kwensimbi ngaphansi kuka-1% ukunamathela kalula ngesikhunta sensimbi, ingxubevange isetshenziswa kabanzi.Amanye ama-alloys e-ADC5 kanye ne-ADC 6, abuye aziwe ngokuthi ama-alloys e-aluminium-magnesium, anamandla kakhudlwana, amelana nokugqwala futhi anomshini, futhi angcono kakhulu ku-aluminium alloy.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yenani elikhulu lokuqiniswa kanye ne-coefficient yokwandisa ukushisa, ukukhishwa kwe-alloy akukuhle.I-liquidity nayo impofu, ethambekele ekunamatheleni nasekulahlekelweni kokucwebezela kwensimbi ngemva kokugaya, ngakho ilungele ukwelashwa kwe-anodic oxidation, nokunye ukungcola okufana nensimbi, i-silicon nokunye konke kuthinta ukubukeka kwendawo.
Amazwe ahlukene anezihloko ezihlukene ze-die-cast aluminium alloy, njenge-Axxx iyimodeli yaseMelika, i-ADCxx imodeli yaseJapane, i-LMxx imodeli yaseBrithani, i-YLxxx imodeli yaseShayina.

Ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kwezingxenye ze-aluminium alloy e-die casting
I-anodic oxidation.
Ngasikhathi sinye, inobuso obusebenzayo nokuhlobisa, futhi iningi le-aluminium anodized alloy lingaba ngu-2-25um.
Ukuqina okuphezulu kanye nokukhishwa kwe-aluminium anti-wear alloy kunogqinsi olungaphezulu kuka-25-75um.I-aluminium alloy oxide layer ingacutshungulwa futhi ithuthukiswe.
Zonke izinhlobo zemibala azihambisi uma zifakwe i-oxidized, ngakho-ke zingasetshenziswa ngokuphephile ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zezinto zikagesi.
I-Phosphide/chromium.
I-Phosphatification iyinamathela ewusizo engeyona yensimbi futhi izacile eyenza ungqimba olungena esikhundleni sensimbi ngokusebenzisa izinhlanganisela ze-phosphorus.
Isebenza kunsimbi, i-zinc alloy, i-aluminium alloy neminye imikhiqizo, engathuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala nokumelana nokugqoka.
Ulwelwesi okwamanje lumelana kangcono kakhulu nefilimu yokuguqulwa kwe-aluminium, ngakho-ke lungaphathwa njengesimbozo esisodwa ebusweni bengxube ye-aluminium.
I-micro-arc oxidation.
Ukusebenzisa amandla kagesi aphezulu ezingxenyeni ze-aluminium ukwenza ifilimu ye-ceramic surface, ukuqina kokunamathela kanye nokumelana nemihuzuko kuphezulu kakhulu, ukumelana nokugqwala futhi kuyingqayizivele.
Imajini ingcono kune-anode.
I-microarc membrane yakhiwe ngamaqembu amathathu:
Isendlalelo sokuqala ifilimu elincanyana elinamathiselwe ebusweni be-aluminium, okungaba ngu-3 kuya ku-5um.
Ungqimba lwesibili luyingxenye eyinhloko ye-membrane, engaba ngu-150 kuya ku-250um.Isendlalelo esiyinhloko siphezulu ngobulukhuni futhi i-porosity incane futhi i-denser iphakeme kakhulu.
Ungqimba lwesithathu luwungqimba lokugcina ongaphezulu.Lesi sendlalelo asikhululekile futhi simaholoholo, ngakho ngokuvamile sizocutshungulwa futhi sisuswe ukusetshenziswa kungqimba oluyinhloko.
I-alunina microarc oxidation iqhathaniswa ne-anodic oxidation.
Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-microarc oxidation:
Izesekeli zezindiza: izingxenye ze-pneumatic kanye nezingxenye zokuvala.
Izingxenye ze-Auto: i-piston nozzle
Izimpahla zasekhaya:umpompi, insimbi kagesi.
Amathuluzi e-elekthronikhi: amamitha kanye nezinsiza zokufaka ugesi.